Kodi ma hydrocarbon (HCs) ndi chiyani

Ma hydrocarbons ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mitundu iwiri yokha ya maatomu - kaboni ndi hydrogen. Ma hydrocarbons amachitika mwachilengedwe ndipo amapanga maziko amafuta, gasi, malasha, ndi magwero ena ofunikira amphamvu. Zitha kuyaka kwambiri ndipo zimatulutsa mpweya woipa, madzi, ndi kutentha zikapsa. Chifukwa chake, ma hydrocarbon ndi othandiza kwambiri ngati gwero lamafuta. Nthawi zambiri, ma hydrocarbon ndi mpweya wopanda mtundu womwe umakhala ndi fungo lofooka kwambiri.

 

Kodi mitundu inayi ya ma hydrocarbon ndi iti?

Ma hydrocarbons amatha kukhala ndi zinthu zosavuta kapena zovuta kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi, omwe ndi ma alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, ndi ma hydrocarbon onunkhira.

Kodi ma hydrocarbons amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

• Ma hydrocarbons monga propane ndi butane amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogulitsa mafuta monga Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). Benzene, imodzi mwama hydrocarbons onunkhira bwino kwambiri, imakhala ngati zida zopangira mankhwala ambiri opangira.
• Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero lamafuta oyaka, mwachitsanzo: Methane yomwe ndi gawo la gasi.
• Mafuta, mafuta a jet ndi naphtha ndi ma hydrocarbon aliphatic omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.
• Zopangira denga phula phula kapena mumsewu ndi zosungira matabwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma hydrocarbon.
• Ntchito zawo monga zazikulu zopanda mafuta monga ethane ndi propane zimachokera ku petroleum ndi gasi. Mipweya iwiriyi imatha kusinthidwa kukhala ethylene ndi propylene.
• Ma hydrocarbon apadera monga kusakaniza kwa benzene, toluene ndi xylene isomers amadziwika ndipo kumwa kwawo kumakhala kokwera kwambiri.
• Ma hydrocarbon omwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe amapezeka mu njuchi za ku Brazil zosaluma zomwe zimasiya fungo lapadera la hydrocarbon ndikuthandizira kudziwa wachibale wochokera kwa omwe si achibale.

 

Kodi mafiriji a hydrocarbon ndi chiyani?

 Mafiriji a Hydrocarbon ndi omwe amadziwika kuti 'natural refrigerants.' Sali poizoni, si O-zone depleting, ndipo ali otsika kwambiri Global Warming Potential. Pamwamba pa zonsezi ndi imodzi mwa mafiriji omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwambiri padziko lapansi masiku ano.

 Nthawi yopangira furiji ya gasi wa fluorinated ikutha ndipo zonse zidzathetsedwa padziko lonse lapansi pazaka makumi angapo zikubwerazi. Mafiriji a hydrocarbon atenga malo awo. Ma hydrocarbons ndiwodziwika kale ku Europe ndi Asia ndipo amapezeka kuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'firiji. Monga mwachizolowezi, dziko la United States likutsalira padziko lonse lapansi pankhani ya mafiriji ena… koma tipatseni nthawi ndipo mudzayamba kuwona ma hydrocarbon akuwoneka mochulukira ku US.

 Zitsanzo zina za hydrocarbon coolant ndi izi:

 R-290(Propane)

 R-600a(Isobutane)

 Mtengo wa R-1150(Ethene/Ethylene)

 Mtengo wa R-1270(Propene/Propylene)

 R-170(Ethane)

 Zosiyanasiyana zosakanikirana ndi zosakaniza zazomwe zili pamwambazi.